True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true
or false.
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1.
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All
living things are made up of one or more cells.
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2.
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The
function of the nucleus is to direct all cell activities.
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3.
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Cells
having a nuclear membrane surrounding a well-defined nucleus are classified as prokaryotic
cells.
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4.
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The
cell membrane is composed of proteins and special lipids.
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5.
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The
organelle that carries out cellular respiration is the Golgi apparatus.
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6.
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Adipose (fat-storing) cells usually have thousands of mitochondria.
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7.
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Membrane-bound vesicles can be emptied by the process of endocytosis.
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8.
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Materials are transported throughout the cytoplasm by means of
microfilaments.
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9.
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The
pressure exerted by water against the cell membrane and cell wall of a plant is known as turgor
pressure.
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10.
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Chloroplasts convert solar energy into chemical energy.
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11.
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A
phospholipid has a hydrophillic end and a hydrophobic end, making it suitable for cell
membranes.
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12.
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The
amino acid sequence of a protein is regulated by the genes located on the chromosomes.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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13.
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Which
of the following statements is not a part of the cell theory? a. | New cells arise
from cells that already exist. | b. | All cells contain a true nucleus. | c. | All living
things are composed of one or more cells. | d. | The cell is the smallest entity that retains the properties of
life. | | |
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14.
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Choose the best description of the nucleus. a. | storage
centre | d. | excretion
centre | b. | control centre | e. | transport centre | c. | energy
centre | | | | |
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15.
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Which
of the following compounds is a component of cell membranes? a. | nucleic
acids | c. | proteins | b. | cellulose | d. | water | | | | |
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16.
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The
cell membrane is best described as a. | impermeable. | c. | permeable. | b. | selectively
permeable. | d. | opaque. | | | | |
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17.
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Animal cells may contain all of the following organelles except a. | ribosomes. | d. | endoplasmic
reticulum. | b. | mitochondria. | e. | lysosomes. | c. | plastids. | | | | |
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18.
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The
organelle responsible for ribosome formation is the a. | Golgi
apparatus. | d. | nucleolus. | b. | endoplasmic reticulum. | e. | vesicle. | c. | nucleus. | | | | |
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19.
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Energy released during cellular respiration is stored in a compound
called a. | glucose. | d. | DNA. | b. | ADP. | e. | RNA. | c. | ATP. | | | | |
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20.
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An
animal cell is capable of all of the following, except a. | respiration. | d. | growth. | b. | reproduction. | e. | metabolism. | c. | maintaining
turgor pressure. | | | | |
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21.
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At
what organelle are amino acids bonded together? a. | endoplasmic reticulum | b. | nucleus | c. | vacuole | d. | ribosome | e. | amino acids are not bonded at an
organelle | | |
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22.
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Cells
specialized to secrete protein usually have large numbers of a. | rough
endoplasmic reticulum. | d. | lysosomes. | b. | Golgi apparatus. | e. | vacuoles. | c. | smooth
endoplasmic reticulum. | | | | |
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23.
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The
organelle responsible for storage and packaging of proteins is the a. | nucleus. | d. | vesicle. | b. | ribosome. | e. | Golgi apparatus. | c. | endoplasmic
reticulum. | | | | |
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24.
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The
process by which vesicle contents are released from a cell is a. | diffusion. | d. | exocytosis. | b. | osmosis. | e. | respiration. | c. | endocytosis. | | | | |
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25.
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Vesicles are formed during a. | protein synthesis. | d. | photosynthesis. | b. | endocytosis. | e. | cell
division. | c. | cellular respiration. | | | | |
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26.
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Most
body cells are continually being replaced as they wear out. The organelle responsible for breaking
down worn-out cells is the a. | cell membrane. | d. | endoplasmic reticulum. | b. | vacuole. | e. | lysosome. | c. | vesicle. | | | | |
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27.
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A
plant vacuole serves as a storage space for a. | water. | d. | proteins. | b. | sugars. | e. | all of the
above. | c. | minerals. | | | | |
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28.
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Animal cells are not able to produce sugars because they lack a. | Golgi
apparatus. | d. | amyloplasts. | b. | mitochondria. | e. | chromoplasts. | c. | chloroplasts. | | | | |
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29.
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Lugol's solution can be used to show the presence of a. | endoplasmic
reticulum. | d. | chromoplasts. | b. | amyloplasts. | e. | vacuoles. | c. | nucleolus. | | | | |
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30.
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Some
parts of a plant are unable to convert solar energy to chemical energy. The organelle that is missing
is probably the a. | chromoplast. | d. | mitochondrion. | b. | chloroplast. | e. | nucleus. | c. | vacuole. | | | | |
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31.
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Which
of the following is not necessary for a plant to perform photosynthesis? a. | carbon
dioxide | c. | water | b. | sugar | d. | sunlight | | | | |
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32.
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Which
of the following are functions of cell walls? a. | protect the cell | d. | all of the above | b. | support the
cell | e. | only a and
b | c. | regulate passage
of materials | | | | |
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33.
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Which
of the nucleotides below is found in RNA but not in DNA? a. | adenine | d. | thymine | b. | cytosine | e. | uracil | c. | guanine | | | | |
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34.
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Nucleotide pairings are important to the DNA double helix. Which of these pairings is
correct for a DNA strand? a. | cytosine - thymine | d. | guanine - adenine | b. | cytosine -
guanine | e. | adenine -
uracil | c. | thymine - guanine | | | | |
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35.
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The
movement of materials across a cell membrane without the expenditure of cell energy is
called a. | passive
transport. | d. | diffusion. | b. | active transport. | e. | endocytosis. | c. | Brownian
motion. | | | | |
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36.
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If a
perfume bottle is broken, the scent will spread to all parts of the room. This is a result
of a. | active
transport. | d. | facilitated
diffusion. | b. | diffusion. | e. | none of the above. | c. | osmosis. | | | | |
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37.
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When
the city recreation department pours chlorine into a wading pool to keep it clean, what process is
spreading the chlorine throughout the pool? a. | diffusion | d. | active transport | b. | osmosis | e. | phagocytosis | c. | passive transport | | | | |
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38.
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If a
solution is described as hypotonic compared to a cell, the solution has a. | a higher
concentration of solutes than the cell. | b. | a lower concentration of solutes than the
cell. | c. | the same concentration of solutes as the
cell. | d. | a lower water concentration than the
cell. | e. | no solvent. | | |
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39.
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If a
solution is described as hypertonic compared to a cell, the solution has a. | a lower
concentration of solutes than the cell. | b. | a higher concentration of solutes than the
cell. | c. | the same concentration of solutes as the
cell. | d. | the same concentration of water as the
cell. | e. | no solvent. | | |
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40.
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The
wilting of a plant exposed to excess fertilizer can be explained by a. | absorbing an
over-dose of fertilizer. | d. | both b and
c. | b. | osmosis. | e. | a, b and
c. | c. | loss of turgor
pressure. | | | | |
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41.
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How
can a cell move materials across a membrane against a concentration gradient? a. | osmosis | b. | facilitated diffusion | c. | passive
transport | d. | active transport | e. | the cell cannot
move materials against a gradient | | |
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42.
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What
would be observed if an animal cell was placed in a hypotonic solution? a. | nothing | b. | Water could be seen flowing into the
cell. | c. | Water could be seen flowing out of a
cell. | d. | The cell would get smaller. | e. | The cell would
get larger and could burst. | | |
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43.
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What
would be observed if a plant cell was placed in a hypertonic solution? a. | nothing | b. | The cell would get larger and could
burst. | c. | Water could be seen flowing out of the
cell. | d. | The cell would shrink away from the cell
wall. | e. | The whole cell would shrink. | | |
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44.
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The
process of using sunlight to convert low-energy compounds into higher-energy compounds is known
as a. | fermentation. | d. | chemosynthesis. | b. | respiration. | e. | phosphorylation. | c. | photosynthesis. | | | | |
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45.
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Humans are clearing vast areas of forest for agriculture. It has been predicted that
if this is not stopped, we are in danger of running out of an atmospheric gas. Which gas is provided
by forests? a. | nitrogen | d. | hydrogen | b. | oxygen | e. | the forest provides all of these
gases | c. | carbon dioxide | | | | |
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46.
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Identify the products of photosynthesis a. | carbon dioxide
and water. | d. | water and
sunlight. | b. | glucose and oxygen. | e. | carbon dioxide and oxygen. | c. | glucose and
carbon dioxide. | | | | |
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47.
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What
name is given to organisms that cannot convert low-energy inorganic compounds into
food? a. | phototrophs | d. | parasites | b. | heterotrophs | e. | primary fermenters | c. | autotrophs | | | | |
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48.
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What
are the disadvantages of anaerobic respiration in the human body? a. | Less energy is
released from glucose. | b. | The product of the reaction is potentially
harmful. | c. | Both a and b are disadvantages. | d. | There are no
disadvantages. | e. | Anaerobic respiration is advantageous because oxygen is not
needed. | | |
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Matching
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Match the terms used in the study of cell structure with the appropriate
definition. a. | cell
membrane | e. | nucleolus | b. | eukaryotic | f. | cytoplasm | c. | prokaryotic | g. | flagella | d. | chromosomes | h. | cilia | | | | |
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49.
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having a true membrane-bounded nucleus
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50.
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may
be involved in the production of RNA
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51.
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create currents to move materials past cell
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52.
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the
fluid and other materials between the plasma membrane and the nucleus
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53.
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protein and lipid structure that regulates movement of materials into and out of the
cell
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54.
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chromosomes not surrounded by a nuclear membrane
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55.
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use
contractile proteins to help cell locomotion; usually single or in pairs
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56.
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threadlike structures made of DNA
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Match the organelle with it's function. a. | nuclear
envelope | e. | microfilaments | b. | ribosomes | f. | microtubules | c. | vesicle | g. | cell
membrane | d. | mitochondrion | h. | smooth endoplasmic reticulum | | | | |
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57.
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protein-filled sac
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58.
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regulates the entry and exit of materials in and out of the cell
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59.
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provide shape and movement for cells
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60.
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regulates passage of materials into and out of the nucleus
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61.
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transport materials throughout cytoplasm
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62.
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synthesis of lipids and transport of these throughout cell
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63.
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cellular respiration
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64.
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synthesize proteins
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Match the organelle with the chemical process associated with
it. a. | rough
endoplasmic reticulum | e. | smooth
endoplasmic reticulum | b. | mitochondrion | f. | ribosome | c. | Golgi
apparatus | g. | nucleolus | d. | chloroplast | h. | nucleus | | | | |
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65.
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photosynthesis
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66.
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polymerize proteins from amino acids
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67.
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transport of secretory proteins
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68.
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store, modify, and package proteins
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69.
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RNA
synthesis
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70.
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DNA
replication
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71.
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cellular respiration
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72.
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lipid
synthesis and transport
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Match the organelle with its function. a. | vacuole | d. | amyloplast | b. | chloroplast | e. | cell wall | c. | chromoplast | | | | |
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73.
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store
starch
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74.
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convert solar energy into chemical energy
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75.
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storage of water, sugars, minerals, and proteins
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76.
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protect and support plant cells
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77.
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store
orange and yellow pigments
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Nutrients can be detected by a variety of lab procedures. Match the test with the
nutrient it detects. a. | monosaccharides | c. | lipid | b. | starch | d. | protein | | | | |
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78.
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Lugol's solution
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79.
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Biuret reagent
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80.
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Benedict's reagent
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81.
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Sudan
IV
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Match each of the transport mechanisms with the appropriate
phrase. a. | diffusion | d. | pinocytosis | b. | phagocytosis | e. | osmosis | c. | facilitated
diffusion | f. | exocytosis | | | | |
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82.
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method used to empty a vesicle
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83.
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uses
carriers to speed up movement of molecules across a membrane
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84.
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random movement from a region of higher concentration
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85.
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engulfing solid particles
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86.
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movement of water across a membrane
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Match each of the chemical processes with their products. a. | anaerobic
respiration in animals | d. | aerobic
respiration | b. | photosynthesis | e. | anaerobic respiration in yeast cells | c. | phosphorylation | | | | |
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87.
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carbon dioxide and alcohol
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88.
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lactic acid
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89.
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water
and carbon dioxide
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90.
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oxygen and glucose
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