Name: 
 

Unit 1 Review:  Cellular Functions



True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
 

1. 

All living things are made up of one or more cells.
 

2. 

The function of the nucleus is to direct all cell activities.
 

3. 

Cells having a nuclear membrane surrounding a well-defined nucleus are classified as prokaryotic cells.
 

4. 

The cell membrane is composed of proteins and special lipids.
 

5. 

The organelle that carries out cellular respiration is the Golgi apparatus.
 

6. 

Adipose (fat-storing) cells usually have thousands of mitochondria.
 

7. 

Membrane-bound vesicles can be emptied by the process of endocytosis.
 

8. 

Materials are transported throughout the cytoplasm by means of microfilaments.
 

9. 

The pressure exerted by water against the cell membrane and cell wall of a plant is known as turgor pressure.
 

10. 

Chloroplasts convert solar energy into chemical energy.
 

11. 

A phospholipid has a hydrophillic end and a hydrophobic end, making it suitable for cell membranes.
 

12. 

The amino acid sequence of a protein is regulated by the genes located on the chromosomes.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

13. 

Which of the following statements is not a part of the cell theory?
a.
New cells arise from cells that already exist.
b.
All cells contain a true nucleus.
c.
All living things are composed of one or more cells.
d.
The cell is the smallest entity that retains the properties of life.
 

14. 

Choose the best description of the nucleus.
a.
storage centre
d.
excretion centre
b.
control centre
e.
transport centre
c.
energy centre
 

15. 

Which of the following compounds is a component of cell membranes?
a.
nucleic acids
c.
proteins
b.
cellulose
d.
water
 

16. 

The cell membrane is best described as
a.
impermeable.
c.
permeable.
b.
selectively permeable.
d.
opaque.
 

17. 

Animal cells may contain all of the following organelles except
a.
ribosomes.
d.
endoplasmic reticulum.
b.
mitochondria.
e.
lysosomes.
c.
plastids.
 

18. 

The organelle responsible for ribosome formation is the
a.
Golgi apparatus.
d.
nucleolus.
b.
endoplasmic reticulum.
e.
vesicle.
c.
nucleus.
 

19. 

Energy released during cellular respiration is stored in a compound called
a.
glucose.
d.
DNA.
b.
ADP.
e.
RNA.
c.
ATP.
 

20. 

An animal cell is capable of all of the following, except
a.
respiration.
d.
growth.
b.
reproduction.
e.
metabolism.
c.
maintaining turgor pressure.
 

21. 

At what organelle are amino acids bonded together?
a.
endoplasmic reticulum
b.
nucleus
c.
vacuole
d.
ribosome
e.
amino acids are not bonded at an organelle
 

22. 

Cells specialized to secrete protein usually have large numbers of
a.
rough endoplasmic reticulum.
d.
lysosomes.
b.
Golgi apparatus.
e.
vacuoles.
c.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
 

23. 

The organelle responsible for storage and packaging of proteins is the
a.
nucleus.
d.
vesicle.
b.
ribosome.
e.
Golgi apparatus.
c.
endoplasmic reticulum.
 

24. 

The process by which vesicle contents are released from a cell is
a.
diffusion.
d.
exocytosis.
b.
osmosis.
e.
respiration.
c.
endocytosis.
 

25. 

Vesicles are formed during
a.
protein synthesis.
d.
photosynthesis.
b.
endocytosis.
e.
cell division.
c.
cellular respiration.
 

26. 

Most body cells are continually being replaced as they wear out. The organelle responsible for breaking down worn-out cells is the
a.
cell membrane.
d.
endoplasmic reticulum.
b.
vacuole.
e.
lysosome.
c.
vesicle.
 

27. 

A plant vacuole serves as a storage space for
a.
water.
d.
proteins.
b.
sugars.
e.
all of the above.
c.
minerals.
 

28. 

Animal cells are not able to produce sugars because they lack
a.
Golgi apparatus.
d.
amyloplasts.
b.
mitochondria.
e.
chromoplasts.
c.
chloroplasts.
 

29. 

Lugol's solution can be used to show the presence of
a.
endoplasmic reticulum.
d.
chromoplasts.
b.
amyloplasts.
e.
vacuoles.
c.
nucleolus.
 

30. 

Some parts of a plant are unable to convert solar energy to chemical energy. The organelle that is missing is probably the
a.
chromoplast.
d.
mitochondrion.
b.
chloroplast.
e.
nucleus.
c.
vacuole.
 

31. 

Which of the following is not necessary for a plant to perform photosynthesis?
a.
carbon dioxide
c.
water
b.
sugar
d.
sunlight
 

32. 

Which of the following are functions of cell walls?
a.
protect the cell
d.
all of the above
b.
support the cell
e.
only a and b
c.
regulate passage of materials
 

33. 

Which of the nucleotides below is found in RNA but not in DNA?
a.
adenine
d.
thymine
b.
cytosine
e.
uracil
c.
guanine
 

34. 

Nucleotide pairings are important to the DNA double helix. Which of these pairings is correct for a DNA strand?
a.
cytosine - thymine
d.
guanine - adenine
b.
cytosine - guanine
e.
adenine - uracil
c.
thymine - guanine
 

35. 

The movement of materials across a cell membrane without the expenditure of cell energy is called
a.
passive transport.
d.
diffusion.
b.
active transport.
e.
endocytosis.
c.
Brownian motion.
 

36. 

If a perfume bottle is broken, the scent will spread to all parts of the room. This is a result of
a.
active transport.
d.
facilitated diffusion.
b.
diffusion.
e.
none of the above.
c.
osmosis.
 

37. 

When the city recreation department pours chlorine into a wading pool to keep it clean, what process is spreading the chlorine throughout the pool?
a.
diffusion
d.
active transport
b.
osmosis
e.
phagocytosis
c.
passive transport
 

38. 

If a solution is described as hypotonic compared to a cell, the solution has
a.
a higher concentration of solutes than the cell.
b.
a lower concentration of solutes than the cell.
c.
the same concentration of solutes as the cell.
d.
a lower water concentration than the cell.
e.
no solvent.
 

39. 

If a solution is described as hypertonic compared to a cell, the solution has
a.
a lower concentration of solutes than the cell.
b.
a higher concentration of solutes than the cell.
c.
the same concentration of solutes as the cell.
d.
the same concentration of water as the cell.
e.
no solvent.
 

40. 

The wilting of a plant exposed to excess fertilizer can be explained by
a.
absorbing an over-dose of fertilizer.
d.
both b and c.
b.
osmosis.
e.
a, b and c.
c.
loss of turgor pressure.
 

41. 

How can a cell move materials across a membrane against a concentration gradient?
a.
osmosis
b.
facilitated diffusion
c.
passive transport
d.
active transport
e.
the cell cannot move materials against a gradient
 

42. 

What would be observed if an animal cell was placed in a hypotonic solution?
a.
nothing
b.
Water could be seen flowing into the cell.
c.
Water could be seen flowing out of a cell.
d.
The cell would get smaller.
e.
The cell would get larger and could burst.
 

43. 

What would be observed if a plant cell was placed in a hypertonic solution?
a.
nothing
b.
The cell would get larger and could burst.
c.
Water could be seen flowing out of the cell.
d.
The cell would shrink away from the cell wall.
e.
The whole cell would shrink.
 

44. 

The process of using sunlight to convert low-energy compounds into higher-energy compounds is known as
a.
fermentation.
d.
chemosynthesis.
b.
respiration.
e.
phosphorylation.
c.
photosynthesis.
 

45. 

Humans are clearing vast areas of forest for agriculture. It has been predicted that if this is not stopped, we are in danger of running out of an atmospheric gas. Which gas is provided by forests?
a.
nitrogen
d.
hydrogen
b.
oxygen
e.
the forest provides all of these gases
c.
carbon dioxide
 

46. 

Identify the products of photosynthesis
a.
carbon dioxide and water.
d.
water and sunlight.
b.
glucose and oxygen.
e.
carbon dioxide and oxygen.
c.
glucose and carbon dioxide.
 

47. 

What name is given to organisms that cannot convert low-energy inorganic compounds into food?
a.
phototrophs
d.
parasites
b.
heterotrophs
e.
primary fermenters
c.
autotrophs
 

48. 

What are the disadvantages of anaerobic respiration in the human body?
a.
Less energy is released from glucose.
b.
The product of the reaction is potentially harmful.
c.
Both a and b are disadvantages.
d.
There are no disadvantages.
e.
Anaerobic respiration is advantageous because oxygen is not needed.
 

Matching
 
 
Match the terms used in the study of cell structure with the appropriate definition.
a.
cell membrane
e.
nucleolus
b.
eukaryotic
f.
cytoplasm
c.
prokaryotic
g.
flagella
d.
chromosomes
h.
cilia
 

49. 

having a true membrane-bounded nucleus
 

50. 

may be involved in the production of RNA
 

51. 

create currents to move materials past cell
 

52. 

the fluid and other materials between the plasma membrane and the nucleus
 

53. 

protein and lipid structure that regulates movement of materials into and out of the cell
 

54. 

chromosomes not surrounded by a nuclear membrane
 

55. 

use contractile proteins to help cell locomotion; usually single or in pairs
 

56. 

threadlike structures made of DNA
 
 
Match the organelle with it's function.
a.
nuclear envelope
e.
microfilaments
b.
ribosomes
f.
microtubules
c.
vesicle
g.
cell membrane
d.
mitochondrion
h.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
 

57. 

protein-filled sac
 

58. 

regulates the entry and exit of materials in and out of the cell
 

59. 

provide shape and movement for cells
 

60. 

regulates passage of materials into and out of the nucleus
 

61. 

transport materials throughout cytoplasm
 

62. 

synthesis of lipids and transport of these throughout cell
 

63. 

cellular respiration
 

64. 

synthesize proteins
 
 
Match the organelle with the chemical process associated with it.
a.
rough endoplasmic reticulum
e.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b.
mitochondrion
f.
ribosome
c.
Golgi apparatus
g.
nucleolus
d.
chloroplast
h.
nucleus
 

65. 

photosynthesis
 

66. 

polymerize proteins from amino acids
 

67. 

transport of secretory proteins
 

68. 

store, modify, and package proteins
 

69. 

RNA synthesis
 

70. 

DNA replication
 

71. 

cellular respiration
 

72. 

lipid synthesis and transport
 
 
Match the organelle with its function.
a.
vacuole
d.
amyloplast
b.
chloroplast
e.
cell wall
c.
chromoplast
 

73. 

store starch
 

74. 

convert solar energy into chemical energy
 

75. 

storage of water, sugars, minerals, and proteins
 

76. 

protect and support plant cells
 

77. 

store orange and yellow pigments
 
 
Nutrients can be detected by a variety of lab procedures. Match the test with the nutrient it detects.
a.
monosaccharides
c.
lipid
b.
starch
d.
protein
 

78. 

Lugol's solution
 

79. 

Biuret reagent
 

80. 

Benedict's reagent
 

81. 

Sudan IV
 
 
Match each of the transport mechanisms with the appropriate phrase.
a.
diffusion
d.
pinocytosis
b.
phagocytosis
e.
osmosis
c.
facilitated diffusion
f.
exocytosis
 

82. 

method used to empty a vesicle
 

83. 

uses carriers to speed up movement of molecules across a membrane
 

84. 

random movement from a region of higher concentration
 

85. 

engulfing solid particles
 

86. 

movement of water across a membrane
 
 
Match each of the chemical processes with their products.
a.
anaerobic respiration in animals
d.
aerobic respiration
b.
photosynthesis
e.
anaerobic respiration in yeast cells
c.
phosphorylation
 

87. 

carbon dioxide and alcohol
 

88. 

lactic acid
 

89. 

water and carbon dioxide
 

90. 

oxygen and glucose
 



 
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