True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true
or false.
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1.
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The
phenotype is the "appearance" of the organism.
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2.
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The
genotype is determined by the phenotype.
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3.
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A
diploid organism is homozygous if it contains two different alleles of the same gene.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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4.
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Which
of the following events is not characteristic of interphase? a. | The cell is
inactive. | b. | Proteins are synthesized for the next mitotic
division. | c. | Proteins are synthesized for cell growth and
metabolism | d. | The genetic material duplicates in preparation for
mitosis. | e. | The genetic material is referred to as
chromatin. | | |
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5.
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The
series of events that takes place from the formation of a cell until it divides again is
called a. | mitosis. | d. | the cell
cycle. | b. | meiosis. | e. | fertilization. | c. | cell
growth. | | | | |
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6.
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The
proper sequence of mitosis is a. | prophase, anaphase, metaphase,
telophase | b. | prophase, telophase, anaphase,
metaphase. | c. | metaphase, prophase, anaphase,
telophase | d. | telophase, prophase, metaphase,
anaphase | e. | prophase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase. | | |
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7.
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What
is the correct sequence of the following events that occur in mitosis?
1. The
cytoplasm and organelles are divided between the daughter cells.
2. The
nucleolus and nuclear envelope reappear.
3. The
centromere splits.
4. The chromosomes condense and the nucleolus
disappears.
5. The chromosomes are pulled to the poles of the
cell.
6. The chromosomes line up on the equatorial
plane. a. | 2, 1, 3, 6, 5,
4 | d. | 4, 6, 3, 5, 2,
1 | b. | 1, 4, 3, 5, 6,
2 | e. | 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 1
| c. | 4, 3, 6, 5, 1,
2 | | | | |
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8.
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Which
of the following structures disappears in prophase and reappears in telophase? a. | centromeres | d. | spindle
fibres | b. | cell membrane | e. | nuclear membrane | c. | chromosomes | | | | |
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9.
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During anaphase of mitosis a. | centrioles divide. | b. | chromosomes
migrate toward poles. | c. | asters and spindle form. | d. | nuclear
membranes reform. | e. | chromosomes attach to spindle fibres | | |
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10.
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If a
cell with 36 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, each daughter cell will have a. | 36
chromosomes. | d. | 9
chromosomes. | b. | 72 chromosomes. | e. | 6 chromosomes. | c. | 18
chromosomes. | | | | |
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11.
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A
certain cell undergoes mitosis every 20 min. The number of cells produced from one original cell
after 1 h 20 min. would be
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12.
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Which
statement does not describe the interphase between telophase I and prophase II of
meiosis? a. | Replication of
DNA occurs. | b. | In most cells, the chromosomes have
uncoiled. | c. | If present, centrioles migrate to opposite
poles. | d. | In most cells, a nuclear membrane surrounds the
chromosomes. | e. | The cells contain chromosomes with a mixture of paternal and
maternal genes. | | |
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13.
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During meiosis, genetic variation in the gametes is achieved by a. | replication and
fertilization. | d. | crossing over
and random assortment. | b. | crossing over and replication. | e. | replication and random assortment. | c. | crossing over
and fertilization. | | | | |
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14.
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The
haploid chromosome number in humans is a. | 23. | d. | 92. | b. | 46. | e. | 69. | c. | 48. | | | | |
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15.
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If a
sperm cell contains 18 chromosomes, a muscle cell from the same organism will
contain a. | 9
chromosomes. | d. | 18 pairs of
chromosomes. | b. | 9 pairs of chromosomes. | e. | 27 chromosomes. | c. | 18
chromosomes. | | | | |
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16.
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A
gene exists in two different forms (A and a). With respect to the allele present, which type of
gamete can a homozygous recessive individual produce?
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17.
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The
gene makeup of an organism for a particular trait is its a. | genotype. | d. | recessiveness. | b. | pedigree. | e. | dominance. | c. | phenotype. | | | | |
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18.
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In
the cross of Tt ´ Tt, the proportion of the offspring that will have the same genotype
as the parents is a. | 25%. | d. | 100%. | b. | 50%. | e. | none of the above. | c. | 75%. | | | | |
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19.
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If an
organism of genotype AA mates with an organism of genotype Aa and 150 offspring are produced, the
number of offspring with genotype Aa will most probably be close to a. | 0. | d. | 100. | b. | 30. | e. | 70. | c. | 120. | | | | |
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20.
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Hornless is dominant to horned in cattle. A farmer has a herd of hornless cattle.
Occasionally, a horned calf appears in his herd. The reason for this is that a. | a mutation
occurred. | d. | all the cattle
are homozygous hornless. | b. | some of the cattle are
heterozygous. | e. | the law of
segregation occurred. | c. | hornless is a sex-linked
characteristic. | | | | |
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21.
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Two
parents were known to be right-handed. Assuming that right-handed (R) is dominant to left-handed (r),
what would be the genotypes of the parents if their son is left-handed? a. | rr ´
rr | d. | Rr ´
Rr | b. | rr ´
Rr | e. | RR ´
RR | c. | RR ´
rr | | | | |
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22.
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The
alleles for blood types A and B are codominant but are dominant over the allele for blood type O.
Answer the following question. A female with AB blood type and a male with O blood type have several
children. The phenotypic ratio for these children would be a. | 1/2 type A and
1/2 type B. | b. | 1/4 type O and 3/4 type A. | c. | 1/2 type AB and
1/2 type O. | d. | 1/4 type O, 1/2 type AB and 1/4 type
A. | e. | 1/2 type O, 1/4
type AB and 1/4 type A. | | |
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23.
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I i represents the blood group
phenotype
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24.
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If a
human zygote has an X and a Y chromosome, it will normally produce a a. | male. | d. | lethal
characteristic. | b. | female. | e. | sterile female. | c. | sterile
male. | | | | |
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25.
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Red-green colourblindness in humans is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait. If a
man who is red-green colourblind is married to a woman heterozygous for normal color vision, what
proportion of their offspring is expected to be red-green colourblind? a. | all of the
offspring | d. | none of the
offspring | b. | three out of four | e. | two out of four | c. | one out of
four | | | | |
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | cytokinesis | f. | haploid | b. | chromatid | g. | diploid | c. | centromere | h. | synapsis | d. | spindle fibres | i. | crossing over | e. | metastasis | j. | tetrad | | | | |
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26.
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one
strand of a double-stranded chromosome
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27.
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serve
as guide wires for the movement of chromosomes
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28.
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twice
the number of chromosomes in a gamete
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29.
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the
pairing of homologous chromosomes
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30.
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the
equal division of the cytoplasm and constituent organelles
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31.
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the
number of chromosomes in a gamete
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32.
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the
exchange of material between two homologous chromosomes
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33.
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the
point of attachment for chromatids
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34.
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a
pair of homologous chromosomes, each with two chromatids
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Match the following stages of mitosis to the events listed
below. a. | interphase | d. | anaphase | b. | prophase | e. | telophase | c. | metaphase | f. | cytokinesis | | | | |
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35.
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cytoplasm divides
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36.
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the
chromosomes in the nucleus become visible
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37.
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chromosomes replicate
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38.
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spindle fibres dissolve
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39.
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chromosomes line up at the equator
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40.
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centromeres divide, and chromatids move to opposite poles
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41.
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nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes
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42.
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nuclear membrane dissolves
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43.
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chromosomes condense becoming shorter and thicker
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44.
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spindle fibres appear
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Match the following stages of meiosis the events listed below. a. | prophase
I | e. | prophase
II | b. | metaphase
I | f. | metaphase
II | c. | anaphase
I | g. | anaphase
II | d. | telophase
I | h. | telophase
II | | | | |
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45.
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breaking of the attachment between the two chromatids
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46.
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homologous chromosomes attach themselves to the spindle fibres
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47.
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chromosomes, each with two chromatids, line up along the equatorial
plate
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48.
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four
haploid cells are produced
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49.
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homologous chromosomes move to opposite poles
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50.
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nuclear membrane dissolves, and chromosomes come together in homologous
pairs
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51.
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nuclear membrane dissolves and the spindles begin to form, with no replication of
chromosomes
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52.
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cells
are ready to enter the second stage of meiosis
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53.
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homologous chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate
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54.
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chromosomes under go synapsis
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Match the process of cell division to the following events.
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55.
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daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and parent cell
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56.
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results in two daughter cells
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57.
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cells
are haploid
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58.
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introduces genetic variation into a species
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59.
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daughter cells are different from each other and parent cell
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60.
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cells
are diploid
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61.
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results in four cells
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62.
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involves two divisions
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63.
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involved in the production of sex cells
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64.
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involves one division
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Match the chromosome number contained within each of the following cell
types.
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65.
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spores
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66.
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zygote
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67.
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sporophyte
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68.
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gametes
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69.
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body
cells
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70.
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gamete-producing cells in humans
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71.
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gametophytes
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72.
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multicellular body
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